Since the early emergence of coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19) in Wuhan, Hubei province, China, the rapid spread of the disease occurs throughout the world, rose to international global health concern at the level of a pandemic. In the face of these medical challenges threaten humans, the development of fast and accurate method for early screening and diagnosis COVID-19 be important to contain the emerging public health threats, and prevent further spread in the population.
Despite the large number COVID 19 confirmed cases in China, some problematic cases with laboratory test results are not consistent, it was reported. In particular, the rate of false-negative high of 41% in the second acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) detection by a chain reaction of reverse transcription-polymerase (qRT-PCR) assay real-time observed in China. Although serological testing has been implemented worldwide as a complementary method to help identify the SARS-CoV-2, some limitations on its use have been reported in China. Therefore, the use of the qRT-PCR and blood tests in the diagnosis COVID-19 in China and elsewhere, presented a considerable challenge, but when used in combination, can be a valuable tool in the fight against COVID-19.
In this review, we provide an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of molecular techniques different for SARS-CoV-2 detection currently used in several laboratories, including qRT-PCR, gene sequencing, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), nucleic spectrometry acid mass (MS), and gene editing technique based clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR / Cas13) systems. Then we mainly review and analyze some of the causes of false negative results of qRT-PCR, and how to resolve some of the diagnostic dilemma.
Advances in Personalized Medicine and Non-Invasive Diagnostics in Solid Organ Transplantation
personalized medicine has become a mainstay and in practice in transplantation pharmacotherapy since the emergence of the field. Decisions relating to the diagnosis, selection, and monitoring of pharmacotherapy directed against individual transplantation, allograft and immunological needs of all patients. recent advances in pharmacogenomics, non-invasive biomarkers and artificial intelligence technology has the promise to change the way we individualize treatment and monitoring allograft function.
Pharmacogenomic testing can provide physicians with additional data to minimize toxicity and maximize the therapeutic dose in patients at high risk, causing more informed decisions that can lower the risk of rejection and adverse outcomes associated with immunosuppressive therapy. Development of non-invasive strategy for monitoring allograft function may offer a safer method and more convenient for detecting allograft injury. Cell-free DNA and gene expression profiles offer the potential to serve as a “liquid biopsy” minimize the risks for patients and provide clinicians with a useful molecular data that can help individualize immunosuppression and treatment of rejection.
The use of big data in transplantation and new artificial intelligence platform, such as iBox, hold tremendous promise in giving the doctor a “glimpse into the future” so as to allow for a more individualized approach to immunosuppressive therapy which may minimize future adverse outcome. Advances in diagnostic, laboratory science, and artificial intelligence have been made more even application of personalized medicine tailored for solid organ transplant recipients. In this perspective, we summarize current and emerging tools are available, supporting the use of literature, and to personalize the future horizon transplant.
Laboratory diagnosis of COVID-19 in China: A review of challenging cases and analysis
Prospective Evaluation of Single Nucleotide Variants by Two Different Technologies in Paraffin Sample Non-Small Cell Advanced Lung Cancer Patients
targeted therapy is a new paradigm in the management of lung cancer. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technique has allowed for the simultaneous testing of multiple genes in a way that is fast and efficient; However, there are other molecular diagnostic tools such as 3D Vantage nCounter® single nucleotide variants (SNVs) solid tumor panel that also offers important benefits of the input sample and the time-to-response, making them highly attractive for everyday clinical use.
This study aims to examine the performance of the panel Vantage in a routine inspection of non-squamous non-small lung cancer cells more (NSCLC) patients and to validate and compare the output with Solid Tumors (OST) DNA kit panel Oncomine, which is a standard technique in our institution , Two parallel multiplexing approach is based on DNA NGS and direct digital detection of DNA technology to evaluate SNVs nCounter®. A total of 42 advanced non-squamous NSCLC patients were prospectively included in this study.
Description: Quantitative sandwich ELISA for measuring Human Entamoeba Histolytica in samples from cell culture supernatants, serum, whole blood, plasma and other biological fluids.
Description: To serve as a true negative control for various procedures, this monoclonal IgG should be used under the identical conditions and at the same dilution as the rabbit monoclonal antibody being used for a positive reaction.
Description: To serve as a true negative control for various procedures, this monoclonal IgG should be used under the identical conditions and at the same dilution as the rabbit monoclonal antibody being used for a positive reaction.
Description: To serve as a true negative control for various procedures, this monoclonal IgG should be used under the identical conditions and at the same dilution as the rabbit monoclonal antibody being used for a positive reaction.
Overall, 95% of the sample was marked with both technologies. Vantage panels accounted for 95% sensitivity and 82% specificity. In terms of predictive values, the probability of actually variants SNV when detected by Ncounter panel was 82%, whereas the probability of not variants SNV if not detected by the platform is 95%. Finally, Cohen’s Kappa coefficient was 0.76, indicating a substantial class correlation between OST and the Vantage panel. Our results make Ncounter a practical and cost-effective means of analytical sensitivity.
